Orbital elements and other data (Assumed or derived values in parenthesis, my estimates in italics and parenthesis. Source identifications in brackets, see this link for sources):

--(22) Kalliope--discovery and notes:

Primary discovered 16 November 1852 from London, UK, by J. R. Hind.

Companion discovered 29 August 2001 by J.-L. Margot and M. E. Brown at Keck II and three days later by the team of W. J. Merline, F. Menard, L. Close, C. Dumas, C. R. Chapman, and D. C. Slater at CFHT. Announced 3 September 2001.

See more information and links at Asteroid/Comet Connection Catchall Catalog page

--Links, more technical:

• CBET 732.
• (22) Kalliope & Linus on 2006.11.07 (also see here).
• IAUC 8177.
• IAUC 7703.
• 22 Kalliope and Linus.
• A Low-Density M-type Asteroid in the Main Belt by J. L. Margot and M. E. Brown.

--Links, less technical:

• Kalliope's Kin.
• Our Solar System: A Poetic Asteroid Moon.

--Links to ADS abstracts:

• Warner, B. & Margot, J. L. 2007, Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams (22) Kalliope and (22) Kalliope I (Linus)
• Berthier, J., Marchis, F., Descamps, P., Hestroffer, D., Vachier, F., Colas, F., Keck-, W. M., II, Laver, C., Adamkovics, M., & de Pater, I. 2006, Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams (22) Kalliope I (Linus)
• Soma, M., Hayamizu, T., Berthier, J., & Lecacheux, J. 2006, Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams (22) Kalliope and (22) Kalliope I
• Shepard, Michael K., Clark, B. E., Benner, L. A., Giorgini, J. D., Magri, C., Nolan, M. C., & Ostro, S. J. 2006, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts More Results from a Long-Term Radar Survey of M-Class Asteroids.
• Hestroffer, Daniel, Tanga, P., Cellino, A., Kaasalainen, M., Torppa, J., Marchis, F., Richardson, D. C., Elankumaran, P., Berthier, J., Colas, F., & Lounis, S. 2006, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts HST/FGS High Angular Resolution Observations of Binary Asteroids
• Shepard, M. K., Clark, B. E., Benner, L. A. M., Giorgini, J. D., Howell, E. S., Magri, C., Nolan, M. C., & Ostro, S. J. 2005, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society A Long-Term Radar Survey of M-Class Asteroids
• Berthier, J., Marchis, F., Descamps, P., & Hestroffer, D. 2004, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts Prediction of stellar occultations by satellite of asteroids
• Marchis, Franck, Berthier, Jerome, Descamps, Pascal, Hestroffer, Daniel, Vachier, Frederic, Laver, Conor, de Pater, Imke, & Gavel, Don T. 2004, Advancements in Adaptive Optics. Edited by Domenico B. Calia, Brent L. Ellerbroek, and Roberto Ragazzoni. Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 5490, pp. 338-350 (2004). Studying binary asteroids with NGS and LGS AO systems
• Bus, S. & Binzel, R. P. 2004, NASA Planetary Data System, EAR-A-I0028-4-SBN0001/SMASSII-V1.0:22KALLIO01 22 Kalliope CCD Spectrum
• Berthier, J., Descamps, P., Hestroffer, D., Lecacheux, J., & Marchis, F. 2004, International Astronomical Union Circular (22) Kalliope I (Linus)
• Vachier, F., Descamps, P., Berthier, J., Hestroffer, D., & Marchis, F. 2003, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting First dynamical model for the (22) Kalliope's satellite
• Marchis, F., Descamps, P., Hestroffer, D., Berthier, J., Vachier, F., Boccaletti, A., de Pater, I., & Gavel, D. 2003, Icarus A three-dimensional solution for the orbit of the asteroidal satellite of 22 Kalliope
• Green, D. W. E 2003, International Astronomical Union Circular Satellites of (22) Kalliope and (45) Eugenia
• Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep M. & Sánchez Caso, Albert 2003, Minor Planet Bulletin CCD photometry of asteroids 22 Kalliope and 125 Liberatrix
• Margot, J. L. & Brown, M. E. 2003, Science A Low-Density M-type Asteroid in the Main Belt
• Tungalag, N., Shevchenko, V. G., & Lupishko, D. F. 2002, Kinematika i Fizika Nebesnykh Tel Rotation parameters and shapes of 15 asteroids
• Marchis, Franck, Descamps, P., Hestroffer, D., Berthier, J., de Pater, I., & Gavel, D. 2002, ESA SP-500: Asteroids, Comets, and Meteors: ACM 2002 Adaptive optics observations of the binary system (22) Kalliope: a three dimensional orbit solution
• Beatty, J. Kelly 2002, Sky and Telescope Kalliope's Kin
• Lim, L. F., Bell, J. F., McConnochie, T. H., Clark, B. E., & Hayward, T. L. 2002, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting The Cornell Mid-Infrared Asteroid Spectroscopy (MIDAS) Survey: Results from 2001
• Lim, L. F., Bell, J. F., Clark, B. E., McConnochie, T. H., Hayward, T. L., Barucci, A., & Dotto, E. 2001, American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #33, #41.21 Initial Results of the Cornell Mid-IR Asteroid Spectroscopy Survey
• Margot, J. L. & Brown, M. E. 2001, American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #33, #52.02 Discovery and characterization of binary asteroids 22 Kalliope and 87 Sylvia
• Green, D. W. E 2001, IAU Circ., 7703, 1 (2001). Edited by Green, D. W. E. S/2001 (22) 1
• Piironen, J. & Muinonen, K. 2000, American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #32, #08.14 Circular polarimetric observations of asteroids
• Damiani, M. 1997, The Minor Planet Bulletin, Bulletin of the Minor Planets Section of the Assoc iation of Lunar and Planetary Observers, Volume 24., p.13 Photoelectric Photometry of 22 Kalliope
• Dotto, E., Barucci, M. A., Fulchignoni, M., di Martino, M., Rotundi, A., Burchi, R., & di Paolantonio, A. 1992, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series (ISSN 0365-0138), vol. 95, no. 2, p. 195-211. M-type asteroids - Rotational properties of 16 objects
• Velichko, F. P., Kruglyi, Iu. N., Lupishko, D. F., & Michalowski, T. 1991, Astronomicheskii Vestnik (ISSN 0320-930X), vol. 25, Mar.-Apr. 1991, p. 162-169. In Russian. Photometry of the asteroids 22 Kalliope and 79 Eurynome - Magnitude-phase relation, parameters of rotation, and shapes
• Velichko, F. P., Michalowskii, T., Kruglyi, Y. N., & Lupishko, D. F. 1991, SOLAR SYST. RESEARCH (TR: ASTR.VESTNIK) V. 25:2, P. 118, 1991 Photometry of the Asteroids 22 Kalliope and 79 Eurynome - Magnitude Phase Relation and Rotation and Shape Parameters
• Lumme, K., Karttunen, H., & Bowell, E. 1990, Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361), vol. 229, no. 1, March 1990, p. 228-239. Research supported by Lowell Observatory. A spherical harmonics method for asteroid pole determination
• Michalowski, T. & Velichko, F. P. 1990, Acta Astronomica (ISSN 0001-5237), vol. 40, no. 3, 1990, p. 321-332. Photoelectric photometry, parameters of rotation and shapes of asteroids 22 Kalliope and 79 Eurynome
• Lupishko, D. F. & Belskaya, I. N. 1989, Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035), vol. 78, April 1989, p. 395-401. On the surface composition of the M-type asteroids
• Melillo, F. J. 1987, The Minor Planet Bulletin, Bulletin of the Minor Planets Section of the Assoc iation of Lunar and Planetary Observers, Volume 14., p.42 Photoelectric Photometry of Asteroids 5 Astraea and 22 Kalliope
• Surdej, J., Pospieszalska-Surdej, A., Michalowski, T., & Schober, H. J. 1986, Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361), vol. 170, no. 1, Dec. 1986, p. 167-173. Photoelectric photometry of 22 Kalliope during the 1985 opposition and determination of its pole orientation - The 'magnitude-aspect' relations revisited
• di Martino, M. & Cacciatori, S. 1984, Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035), vol. 60, Oct. 1984, p. 75-82. Research supported by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Photoelectric photometry of 14 asteroids
• Zappala, V. & Knezevic, Z. 1984, Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035), vol. 59, Sept. 1984, p. 436-455. Research supported by the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Rotation axes of asteroids - Results for 14 objects
• Eaton, N., Green, S. F., McCheyne, R. S., Meadows, A. J., & Veeder, G. J. 1983, Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035), vol. 55, Aug. 1983, p. 245-249. Sponsorship: Science and Engineering Research Council. Observations of asteroids in the 3- to 4-micron region
• Barucci, M. A. & Dipaoloantonio, A. 1983, Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 117, no. 1, Jan. 1983, p. 1, 2. A check for the pole coordinates of asteroid 22 Kalliope
• Lupishko, D. F., Belskaia, I. N., Tupieva, F. A., & Chernova, G. P. 1982, (Astronomicheskii Vestnik, vol. 16, Apr.-June 1982, p. 101-108.) Solar System Research, vol. 16, no. 2, Oct. 1982, p. 75-80. Translation. UBV photometry of the M-type asteroids 16 Psyche and 22 Kalliope
• Ostro, S. J. 1982, Semiannual Status Report, 1 Nov. 1981 - 30 Apr. 1982 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY. Center for Radiophysics and Space Research. Radar investigation of asteroids
• Ostro, S. J. 1981, Research Proposal, 1 Nov. 1981 - 31 Oct. 1982 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY. Center for Radiophysics and Space Research. Radar investigation of asteroids
• Farinella, P., Paolicchi, P., Tedesco, E. F., & Zappala, V. 1981, Icarus, vol. 46, Apr. 1981, p. 114-123. Triaxial equilibrium ellipsoids among the asteroids
• Zappala, V. & van Houten-Groeneveld, I. 1979, Icarus, vol. 40, Nov. 1979, p. 289-296. Pole coordinates of the asteroids 9 Metis, 22 Kalliope, and 44 NYSA
• Scaltriti, F., Zappala, V., & Stanzel, R. 1978, Icarus, vol. 34, Apr. 1978, p. 93-98. Lightcurves, phase function and pole of the Asteroid 22 Kalliope
• Ahmad, Imam I. 1954, Astrophysical Journal, vol. 120, p.551 Photometric Studies of Asteroids.IV. The Light-Curves of Ceres, Hebe, Flora, and Kalliope.
• 1927, Astronomische Nachrichten Bearbeitung von 22 Kalliope

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Last modified 21 August 2007.
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