compiled by Wm. Robert Johnston
last updated 10 September 2023
monument | state | date first protected | original authority | date of national monument status | total area (km2) | privately-owned area (km2) | managing agency (if not NPS) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Admiralty Island | NM | AK | 1978 | PP-JC | 1980 | 4,127.2310 | 0.0000 | USFS |
African Burial Ground | NM | NY | 1992 | PP-GB | 2006 | 0.0014 | 0.0000 | |
Agate Fossil Beds | NM | NE | 1965 | CON | 1965 | 12.3748 | 1.2277 | |
Agua Fria | NM | AZ | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 287.2459 | 5.5199 | BLM |
Alibates Flint Quarries | NM | TX | 1965 | CON | 1965 | 5.5481 | 1.1806 | |
Aniakchak | NM | AK | 1978 | PP-JC | 1978 | 555.1316 | 0.0000 | |
Avi Kwa Ame | NM | NV | 2023 | PP-JB | 2023 | 2,050.6757 | BLM | |
Aztec Ruins | NM | NM | 1923 | PP-WH | 1923 | 1.2885 | 0.1815 | |
Baaj Nwaavjo I’tah Kukveni-Ancestral Footprints of the Grand Canyon | NM | AZ | 2023 | PP-JB | 2023 | 3,713.4683 | BLM/USFS | |
Bandelier | NM | NM | 1916 | PP-WW | 1916 | 136.2846 | 0.0900 | |
Basin and Range | NM | NV | 2015 | PP-BO | 2015 | 2,847.3075 | 17.9599 | BLM |
Bears Ears | NM | UT | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 5,519.7017 | 0.0000 | BLM/USFS |
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality | NM | DC | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 0.0014 | 0.0000 | |
Berryessa Snow Mountain | NM | CA | 2015 | PP-BO | 2015 | 1,339.2100 | 0.0000 | USFS/BLM |
Birmingham Civil Rights | NM | AL | 2017 | PP-BO | 2017 | 0.0036 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Booker T. Washington | NM | VA | 1956 | CON | 1956 | 0.9672 | 0.0000 | |
Browns Canyon | NM | CO | 2015 | PP-BO | 2015 | 87.4728 | 0.0000 | BLM/USFS |
Buck Island Reef | NM | VI | 1961 | PP-JK | 1961 | 76.9529 | 0.0000 | |
Cabrillo | NM | CA | 1913 | PP-WW | 1913 | 0.6473 | 0.0000 | |
California Coastal | NM | CA | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 35.8471 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Camp Hale-Continental Divide | NM | CO | 2022 | PP-JB | 2022 | 217.7400 | 0.0000 | USFS |
Camp Nelson | NM | KY | 2013 | PP-DT | 2018 | 1.8817 | 0.0000 | |
Canyon de Chelly | NM | AZ | 1931 | PP-HH | 1931 | 339.2884 | 339.2884 | |
Canyons of the Ancients | NM | CO | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 713.7441 | 34.9244 | BLM |
Cape Krusenstern | NM | AK | 1978 | PP-JC | 1978 | 2,626.7989 | 85.1238 | |
Capulin Volcano | NM | NM | 1916 | PP-WW | 1916 | 3.2085 | 0.0000 | |
Carrizo Plain | NM | CA | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 854.0688 | 107.0920 | BLM |
Casa Grande Ruins | NM | AZ | 1889 | PP-WW | 1918 | 1.9121 | 0.0000 | |
Cascade-Siskiyou | NM | OR | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 457.0034 | 79.9335 | BLM |
Castillo de San Marcos | NM | FL | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 0.0784 | 0.0000 | |
Castle Clinton | NM | NY | 1946 | CON | 1946 | 0.0040 | 0.0000 | |
Castle Mountains | NM | CA | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 85.0872 | 0.0708 | |
Castner Range | NM | TX | 2023 | PP-JB | 2023 | 27.0006 | 0.0000 | DOD |
Cedar Breaks | NM | UT | 1933 | PP-FR | 1933 | 24.9068 | 0.0000 | |
Cesar E. Chavez | NM | CA | 2012 | PP-BO | 2012 | 0.4717 | 0.4292 | NPS/NCC |
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers | NM | OH | 2013 | PP-BO | 2013 | 0.2414 | 0.0000 | |
Chimney Rock | NM | CO | 1970 | PP-BO | 2012 | 19.1173 | 0.0000 | USFS |
Chiricahua | NM | AZ | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 48.6624 | 0.0095 | |
Colorado | NM | CO | 1911 | PP-WT | 1911 | 83.1078 | 0.0000 | |
Craters Of The Moon | NM | ID | 1924 | PP-CC | 2002 | 216.2545 | 0.0000 | NPS/BLM |
Devils Postpile | NM | CA | 1911 | PP-WT | 1911 | 3.2383 | 0.0000 | |
Devils Tower | NM | WY | 1906 | PP-TR | 1906 | 5.4520 | 0.0012 | |
Dinosaur | NM | CO-UT | 1915 | PP-WW | 1915 | 850.9807 | 17.4235 | |
Effigy Mounds | NM | IA | 1949 | PP-HT | 1949 | 10.2239 | 0.0000 | |
El Malpais | NM | NM | 1987 | CON | 1987 | 462.7459 | 16.0304 | |
El Morro | NM | NM | 1906 | PP-TR | 1906 | 5.1748 | 0.9664 | |
Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley | NM | MS-IL | 2023 | PP-JB | 2023 | 0.0000 | ||
Florissant Fossil Beds | NM | CO | 1969 | CON | 1969 | 25.4065 | 0.0000 | |
Fort Frederica | NM | GA | 1936 | CON | 1936 | 1.2357 | 0.0052 | |
Fort Matanzas | NM | FL | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 1.2145 | 0.0065 | |
Fort McHenry | NMHS | MD | 1925 | CON | 1939 | 0.1751 | 0.0000 | |
Fort Monroe | NM | VA | 2011 | PP-BO | 2011 | 1.4857 | 0.0000 | |
Fort Ord | NM | CA | 2012 | PP-BO | 2012 | 59.3188 | BLM | |
Fort Pulaski | NM | GA | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 22.7559 | 0.0000 | |
Fort Stanwix | NM | NY | 1935 | CON | 1935 | 0.0628 | 0.0000 | |
Fort Union | NM | NM | 1954 | CON | 1954 | 2.9162 | 0.0000 | |
Fossil Butte | NM | WY | 1972 | CON | 1972 | 33.1761 | 0.0000 | |
Freedom Riders | NM | AL | 2017 | PP-BO | 2017 | 0.0244 | 0.0000 | |
George Washington Birthplace | NM | VA | 1930 | CON | 1930 | 2.6474 | 0.4166 | |
George Washington Carver | NM | MO | 1943 | CON | 1943 | 0.9712 | 0.0000 | |
Giant Sequoia | NM | CA | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 1,426.9904 | 0.0000 | USFS |
Gila Cliff Dwellings | NM | NM | 1907 | PP-TR | 1907 | 2.1575 | 0.0000 | NPS/USFS |
Gold Butte | NM | NV | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 1,201.6614 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Governors Island | NM | NY | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 0.0927 | 0.0020 | |
Grand Canyon-Parashant | NM | AZ | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 4,131.9618 | 16.5355 | BLM/NPS |
Grand Portage | NM | MN | 1951 | CON | 1958 | 2.8731 | 0.0000 | |
Grand Staircase-Escalante | NM | UT | 1996 | PP-WC | 1996 | 7,567.6215 | 10.0281 | BLM |
Hagerman Fossil Beds | NM | ID | 1988 | CON | 1988 | 17.6085 | 0.0668 | |
Hanford Reach | NM | WA | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 786.9150 | 0.0000 | DOE/FWS |
Hohokam Pima | NM | AZ | 1972 | CON | 1972 | 6.8392 | 6.8392 | |
Hovenweep | NM | CO-UT | 1923 | PP-WH | 1923 | 3.1765 | 0.0000 | |
Ironwood Forest | NM | AZ | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 522.2671 | 19.5544 | BLM |
Jewel Cave | NM | SD | 1908 | PP-TR | 1908 | 5.1537 | 0.0000 | NPS/USFS |
John Day Fossil Beds | NM | OR | 1974 | CON | 1974 | 56.9077 | 1.9081 | |
Jurassic | NM | UT | 1965 | CON | 2019 | 3.4398 | BLM | |
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks | NM | NM | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 18.8057 | 3.0635 | BLM |
Katahdin Woods and Waters | NM | ME | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 354.3600 | 0.0000 | |
Lava Beds | NM | CA | 1925 | PP-CC | 1925 | 188.9575 | 0.0000 | |
Little Bighorn Battlefield | NM | MT | 1940 | CON | 1991 | 3.0972 | 0.0000 | |
Marianas Trench | MNM | Pac | 2009 | PP-GB | 2009 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | FWS/NOAA |
Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home | NM | MS | 2020 | CON | 2020 | 0.0030 | 0.0000 | |
Military Working Dog Teams | NM | TX | 2008 | CON | 2008 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | USAF/AHF |
Mill Springs Battlefield | NM | KY | CON | 2020 | 5.8969 | 5.6940 | ||
Misty Fjords | NM | AK | 1978 | PP-JC | 1980 | 9,283.7800 | 0.0000 | USFS |
Mojave Trails | NM | CA | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 6,474.9703 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Montezuma Castle | NM | AZ | 1906 | PP-TR | 1906 | 4.1097 | 0.0681 | |
Mount Saint Helens | NVM | WA | 1982 | CON | 1982 | 458.1365 | USFS | |
Muir Woods | NM | CA | 1908 | PP-TR | 1908 | 2.2401 | 0.0000 | |
Natural Bridges | NM | UT | 1908 | PP-TR | 1908 | 30.9038 | 0.0000 | |
Navajo | NM | AZ | 1909 | PP-WT | 1909 | 1.4569 | 0.0000 | |
Newberry | NVM | OR | 1990 | CON | 1990 | 232.1115 | USFS | |
Northeast Canyons and Seamounts | MNM | MA | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | NOAA/FWS |
Oregon Caves | NM | OR | 1909 | PP-WT | 1909 | 18.4295 | 0.0000 | |
Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks | NM | NM | 2014 | PP-BO | 2014 | 2,009.3816 | 40.1651 | BLM |
Organ Pipe Cactus | NM | AZ | 1937 | PP-FR | 1937 | 1,338.2503 | 0.1763 | |
Pacific Remote Islands | MNM | Pac | 2009 | PP-GB | 2009 | 31.2984 | 0.0000 | FWS |
Papahanaumokuakea | MNM | HI | 1909 | PP-TR | 2006 | 12.9985 | 0.0000 | NOAA/FWS/HI |
Petroglyph | NM | NM | 1990 | CON | 1990 | 29.1554 | 0.3520 | |
Pipe Spring | NM | AZ | 1923 | PP-WH | 1923 | 0.1619 | 0.0000 | |
Pipestone | NM | MN | 1937 | CON | 1937 | 1.2022 | 0.0000 | |
Pompeys Pillar | NM | MT | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 0.2064 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Poverty Point | NM | LA | 1988 | CON | 1988 | 3.6861 | 2.0061 | |
Prehistoric Trackways | NM | NM | 2009 | CON | 2009 | 21.3674 | 0.0000 | BLM |
President Lincoln and Soldiers' Home | NM | DC | 1973 | PP-WC | 2000 | 0.0093 | 0.0000 | AFRH/NTHP |
Rainbow Bridge | NM | UT | 1910 | PP-WT | 1910 | 0.6475 | 0.0000 | |
Rio Grande Del Norte | NM | NM | 2013 | PP-BO | 2013 | 982.2125 | 116.7639 | BLM |
Rose Atoll | MNM | AS | 2009 | PP-GB | 2009 | 0.0850 | 0.0000 | FWS/NOAA |
Russell Cave | NM | AL | 1961 | PP-JK | 1961 | 1.2563 | 0.0000 | |
Saint Francis Dam Disaster | NM | CA | CON | 2019 | 1.4285 | 0.0000 | USFS | |
Salinas Pueblo Missions | NM | NM | 1909 | PP-WT | 1909 | 4.3359 | 0.3262 | |
San Gabriel Mountains | NM | CA | 2014 | PP-BO | 2014 | 1,397.0639 | USFS | |
San Juan Islands | NM | WA | 2013 | PP-BO | 2013 | 3.9255 | 0.0000 | BLM |
Sand to Snow | NM | CA | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 622.9812 | 0.0000 | BLM/USFS |
Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains | NM | CA | 2000 | CON | 2000 | 684.0685 | 263.1954 | BLM/USFS |
Scotts Bluff | NM | NE | 1919 | PP-WW | 1919 | 12.1597 | 0.1804 | |
Sonoran Desert | NM | AZ | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 1,968.3910 | 24.6858 | BLM |
Statue of Liberty | NM | NY-NJ | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 0.2363 | 0.0000 | |
Stonewall | NM | NY | 2016 | PP-BO | 2016 | 0.0312 | 0.0002 | |
Sunset Crater Volcano | NM | AZ | 1930 | PP-HH | 1933 | 12.3024 | 0.0000 | |
Timpanogos Cave | NM | UT | 1922 | PP-WH | 1933 | 1.0117 | 0.0000 | |
Tonto | NM | AZ | 1907 | PP-TR | 1907 | 4.5325 | 0.0000 | |
Tule Lake | NM | CA | 2006 | PP-GB | 2019 | 0.1513 | 0.0000 | |
Tule Springs Fossil Beds | NM | NV | 2014 | CON | 2014 | 91.6613 | 0.0000 | |
Tuzigoot | NM | AZ | 1939 | PP-FR | 1939 | 3.2856 | 1.7416 | |
Upper Missouri River Breaks | NM | MT | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 1,527.0651 | 330.6889 | BLM |
Vermillion Cliffs | NM | AZ | 2000 | PP-WC | 2000 | 1,131.3635 | 2.7640 | BLM |
Virgin Islands Coral Reef | NM | VI | 2001 | PP-WC | 2001 | 51.4277 | 0.0000 | |
Waco Mammoth | NM | TX | 2015 | PP-BO | 2015 | 0.4339 | 0.0000 | |
Walnut Canyon | NM | AZ | 1915 | PP-WW | 1915 | 12.9524 | 1.1244 | |
Wupatki | NM | AZ | 1924 | PP-CC | 1924 | 143.2661 | 0.0000 | |
Yucca House | NM | CO | 1919 | PP-WW | 1919 | 0.1371 | 0.0000 |
Note: Monuments are denoted as either national monuments (NM), marine national monuments (MNM), national volcanic monuments (NVM), or national monument and historic shrine (NMHS). Managing agencies include:
A breakdown of the current 131 national monuments by managing agency is:
Original authority refers to the act creating the park, either act of Congress or Presidential proclaimation under the Antiquities Act. The table below identifies the codes used for original authority and gives counts of the following:
designating authority | code | counts | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
current NM, NPS | current NM, non-NPS | no longer NM, still NPS unit | no longer NM, not in NPS | total | ||
act of Congress | CON | 25 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 43 |
proclamation by President Theodore Roosevelt | PP-TR | 8 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 19 |
proclamation by President William Taft | PP-WT | 6 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 10 |
proclamation by President Woodrow Wilson | PP-WW | 8 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 14 |
proclamation by President Warren Harding | PP-WH | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
proclamation by President Calvin Coolidge | PP-CC | 8 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 13 |
proclamation by President Herbert Hoover | PP-HH | 2 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 10 |
proclamation by President Franklin Roosevelt | PP-FR | 3 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 11 |
proclamation by President Harry Truman | PP-HT | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
proclamation by President Dwight Eisenhower | PP-DE | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
proclamation by President John Kennedy | PP-JK | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
proclamation by President Lyndon Johnson | PP-LJ | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
proclamation by President Jimmy Carter | PP-JC | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 15 |
proclamation by President William Clinton | PP-WC | 2 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 19 |
proclamation by President George W. Bush | PP-GB | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
proclamation by President Barack Obama | PP-BO | 9 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 29 |
proclamation by President Donald Trump | PP-DT | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
proclamation by President Joseph Biden | PP-JB | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
total by Presidential proclaimation | 61 | 39 | 52 | 13 | 165 | |
grand total | 86 | 45 | 62 | 15 | 208 |
Another 78 national monuments were reincorporated into other parks or otherwise lost that status, and 8 of the still-existing monuments listed above have had name changes. These include national monuments:
converted to new National Parks of same name (25) |
|
incorporated into new National Parks with new name (6) |
|
incorporated into existing National Parks (5) |
|
converted to National Historic Parks of same name (10) |
|
converted to National Historic Sites of same name (4) |
|
converted to National Historic Parks or Sites with new names (6) |
|
converted to other parks (7) |
|
transferred out of NPS (with National Monument status ending) (15) |
|
name changes (8) |
|
© 2000-2022, 2023 by Wm. Robert Johnston.
Last modified 10 September 2023.
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