Historical abortion statistics, Virginia (USA)

Abortion statistics and other data--Johnston`s Archive

Historical abortion statistics, Virginia (USA)

compiled by Wm. Robert Johnston
last updated 15 January 2023

Definition of table data (see notes after table for additional information):

Live births includes data from the Centers for Disease Control and from state health departments.
Abortions, reported includes data from the Centers for Disease Control and from state health departments.
Abortions includes estimates from Alan Guttmacher Institute surveys.
Abortions, merged combines official reported data and Guttmacher figures with the compiler's estimates (provisional).
Fetal deaths generally includes fetal deaths or stillbirths of at least 20 weeks` gestation.
Abortion ratio is abortions per 1000 live births.
Abortion % is abortions as percentage of pregnancies (excluding fetal deaths/miscarriages).
Abortion rate is abortions per 1000 women ages 15-44.
Abortion %, merged is abortions as percentage of pregnancies, using the abortions, merged figures (provisional).
Abortion rate, merged is abortion per 1000 women ages 15-44, using the abortions, merged figures (provisional).

Virginia county level data also available: abortions and live births and abortion percentages with state map.

year	live births	abortions, reported (CDC/state)			abortions (AGI)			abortions, merged	fetal deaths	abortion ratio		abortion %		abortion rate, residents	abortion %, merged	abortion rate, merged
year	live births	total in state	residents, in state only	residents, in and out of state	total in state	residents, in state only	residents, in and out of state	all in state	fetal deaths	all in state	residents, in/out of state	all in state	residents, in/out of state	abortion rate, residents	all in state
1970	(86,424)
1971	(82,594)	3,792						3,792		45.9		4.39			(4.39)	3.63
1972	71,939	4,496	4,500	4,500				4,496		62.5	62.6	5.88	5.89	4.18	5.88	4.18
1973	68,980	7,318	(7,130)	(7,130)	8,390			8,390		121.6	103.4	10.84	9.37	6.43	10.84	7.56
1974	68,339	14,372	13,591	18,059	16,500			16,500		241.4	264.3	19.45	20.90	15.84	19.45	14.47
1975	67,378	18,010	17,054	17,587	20,290			20,290		301.1	261.0	23.14	20.70	15.00	23.14	17.31
1976	67,247	22,635	21,556	26,886	25,180		31,500	25,180		374.4	468.4	27.24	31.90	26.11	27.24	20.87
1977	71,526	26,829	25,368	30,181	28,040	26,660	35,300	28,040		392.0	493.5	28.16	33.04	28.49	28.16	22.63
1978	70,653	30,442	28,389	33,288	30,370	28,320	34,500	30,442		430.9	488.3	30.11	32.81	27.16	30.11	23.97
1979	73,812	31,414	29,363	34,353	31,380	29,340	34,600	31,414		425.6	468.8	29.85	31.92	26.78	29.85	24.31
1980	75,042	31,958	30,062	34,948	31,760	29,890	35,200	31,958		425.9	469.1	29.87	31.93	26.77	29.87	24.30
1981	76,266	32,037	30,175	30,505	35,760		39,440	35,760		468.9	517.1	31.92	34.09	29.37	31.92	26.63
1982	77,783	31,869	(30,020)	(30,020)	34,880	32,850	38,500	34,880		448.4	495.0	30.96	33.11	28.28	30.96	25.62
1983	77,448	31,339	29,613	29,941				(33,280)		404.6	386.6	28.81	27.88	21.63	(30.06)	(24.04)
1984	79,342	31,550	29,746	30,019	31,670		34,970	31,670		399.2	440.8	28.53	30.59	24.79	28.53	22.45
1985	83,184	31,951	(30,075)	(30,075)	34,180	32,180	37,470	34,180		410.9	450.4	29.12	31.06	26.10	29.12	23.81
1986	84,209	32,619	30,804	31,105				(34,300)		387.4	369.4	27.92	26.97	21.25	(28.94)	(23.43)
1987	87,002	32,930	31,113	31,562	34,410		38,860	34,410		395.5	446.7	28.34	30.88	26.04	28.34	23.05
1988	90,498	34,029	32,022	32,527	35,420		40,240	35,420		391.4	444.7	28.13	30.78	26.60	28.13	23.41
1989	93,453	33,186	(31,190)	(31,190)				(35,340)		355.1	333.8	26.21	25.02	20.46	(27.44)	(23.18)
1990	99,352	32,992	(31,010)	(31,010)				(35,250)		332.1	312.1	24.93	23.79	20.15	(26.19)	(22.91)
1991	96,610	31,943	(30,060)	(30,060)	35,170		38,220	35,170		364.0	395.6	26.69	28.35	24.69	26.69	22.72
1992	97,600	29,641	(27,860)	(27,860)	35,020		38,130	35,020		358.8	390.7	26.41	28.09	24.57	26.41	22.57
1993	95,161	28,285	(26,620)	(26,620)				(33,840)		297.2	279.7	22.91	21.86	17.06	(26.23)	(21.69)
1994	95,865	26,369	(24,710)	(24,710)				(32,660)		275.1	257.8	21.57	20.49	15.76	(25.41)	(20.82)
1995	92,578	25,302	23,850	25,548	31,480			31,480		340.0	276.0	25.38	21.63	16.21	25.38	19.97
1996	92,354	25,770	24,268	25,752	29,940		32,450	29,940		324.2	351.4	24.48	26.00	20.47	24.48	18.89
1997	91,862	26,089	24,604	27,260				(29,610)		284.0	296.7	22.12	22.88	17.11	(24.38)	(18.58)
1998	94,351	26,115	24,598	28,190				(29,290)		276.8	298.8	21.68	23.00	17.68	(23.69)	(18.37)
1999	95,469	27,354	25,633	28,388	(28,960)		30,910	(28,960)		303.3	323.8	23.27	24.46	19.30	(23.27)	(18.08)
2000	98,938	27,999	26,254	28,627	28,780		30,690	28,780		290.9	310.2	22.53	23.68	19.28	22.53	18.08
2001	98,884	24,586	23,075	25,649				(25,150)		248.6	259.4	19.91	20.60	16.03	(20.28)	(15.72)
2002	99,672	24,992	23,566	26,815				(25,440)		250.7	269.0	20.05	21.20	16.69	(20.33)	(15.83)
2003	101,254	26,437	(25,170)	28,467				(26,790)	687	261.1	281.1	20.70	21.94	17.66	(20.92)	(16.62)
2004	103,933	26,117	(24,790)	27,330	(26,340)		30,170	(26,340)	725	253.4	290.3	20.22	22.50	18.58	(20.22)	(16.22)
2005	104,555	26,309	(25,070)	27,576	26,520		30,590	26,520	693	253.6	292.6	20.23	22.63	18.74	20.23	16.24
2006	107,817	27,349	(25,900)	28,418			31,500	(28,520)	658	253.7	292.2	20.23	22.61	19.20	(20.92)	(17.39)
2007	109,615	27,981	(26,440)	28,179	29,800		32,750	29,800	827	271.9	298.8	21.38	23.00	19.93	21.38	18.14
2008	106,686	28,698	(26,920)	28,645	28,520			28,698	773	269.0	268.5	21.20	21.17	17.42	21.20	17.45
2009	104,917	27,442	25,527	27,084				(28,140)	686	261.6	258.1	20.73	20.52	16.43	(21.15)	(17.07)
2010	103,002	25,943	24,090	25,906	27,660			27,660	749	268.5	251.5	21.17	20.10	15.65	21.17	16.71
2011	102,648	25,413	23,644	25,215	27,110			27,110	657	264.1	245.6	20.89	19.72	15.38	20.89	16.54
2012	103,196	22,916	21,400	22,141				(26,310)	668	222.1	214.6	18.17	17.67	13.43	(20.32)	(15.96)
2013	102,926	20,852	19,724	21,227	25,890			25,890	652	251.5	206.2	20.10	17.10	12.84	20.10	15.66
2014	103,300	20,187	19,000	20,444	21,080			21,080	584	204.1	197.9	16.95	16.52	12.35	16.95	12.73
2015	103,303	18,663	17,693	18,501				(20,250)	554	180.7	179.1	15.30	15.19	11.18	(16.39)	(12.23)
2016	102,460	17,058	16,042	16,913	19,590			19,590	597	191.2	165.1	16.05	14.17	10.23	16.05	11.85
2017	100,391	15,381	14,457	16,235	17,210	(16,176)	20,290	17,210	489	171.4	202.1	14.63	16.81	12.24	14.63	10.38
2018	99,843	16,474	16,070	17,495				(16,840)		165.0	175.2	14.16	14.91	10.53	(14.43)	(10.14)
2019	97,429	15,601	14,657	16,605	16,470			16,470		169.0	170.4	14.46	14.56	9.95	14.46	9.87
2020	94,749	15,604	14,537	16,205	18,740			18,740		197.8	171.0	16.51	14.61	9.51	16.51	11.00
2021	95,544			4				(18,900)							(16.51)	(11.06)
2022								(19,000)								(11.1)
year	live births	abortions, reported (CDC/state)			abortions (AGI)			abortions, merged	fetal deaths	abortion ratio		abortion %		abortion rate, residents	abortion %, merged	abortion rate, merged
year	live births	total in state	residents, in state only	residents, in and out of state	total in state	residents, in state only	residents, in and out of state	all in state	fetal deaths	all in state	residents, in/out of state	all in state	residents, in/out of state	abortion rate, residents	all in state

Notes:

For most states, CDC/state data is incomplete.
Parenthetical figures are estimates, some of which are derived from reported data.
Abortion ratios, percentages, and rates may be based on a mix of CDC/state and AGI data and thus may not represent a consistent time series.

Sources:

Binkin, Nancy J., Pamela R. H. Lang, Elaine P. Rhodenhiser, Carol R. Hogue, H. Trent MacKay, Stuart M. Berman, James W. Buehler, and Jack C. Smith, 1983, "Abortion Surveillance, 1981," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 33(SS-3):1-8.
Burnham, Drusilla, 25 Oct. 1982, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1979," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 31(7), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv31_07s.pdf].
Center for Disease Control, April 1976, Abortion Surveillance 1974, Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Center for Disease Control, April 1977, Abortion Surveillance 1975, Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Center for Disease Control, Aug. 1978, Abortion Surveillance 1976, Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Center for Disease Control, Sept. 1979, Abortion Surveillance 1977, Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Centers for Disease Control, May 1983, Abortion Surveillance 1979-1980, Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Centers for Disease Control, Nov. 1980, Abortion Surveillance 1978, Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA).
Elam-Evans, Laurie D., Lilo T. Strauss, Joy Herndon, Wilda Y. Parker, Sara Whitehead, Cynthia J. Berg, 29 Nov. 2002, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1999," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 51(SS-9):1-28, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5109.pdf].
Elam-Evans, Laurie D., Lilo T. Strauss, Joy Herndon, Wilda Y. Parker, Sonya V. Bowens, Suzanne Zane, and Cynthia J. Berg, 28 Nov. 2003, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2000," MMWR Surveillance Summaries 52(SS-12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5212.pdf].
Ellerbrock, Tedd V., Hani K. Atrash, Eliane P. Rhodenhiser, Carol J. R. Hogue, and Jack C. Smith, Feb. 1987, "Abortion Survelliance, 1982-1983," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 36(SS-1):11-42.
Finer, Lawrence B., and Kathryn Kost, June 2011, "Unintended pregnancy rates at the state level," Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 43(2):78-87, on line at AGI [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/4307811.pdf].
Forrest, Jacqueline Darroch, Christopher Tietze, and Ellen Sullivan, Sept./Oct. 1978, "Abortion in the United States, 1976-1977," Family Planning Perspectives, 10:271-279.
Forrest, Jacqueline Darroch, Ellen Sullivan, and Christopher Tietze, Nov./Dec. 1979, "Abortion in the United States, 1977-1978," Family Planning Perspectives 11:329-341.
Gamble, Sonya B., Lilo T. Strauss, Wilda Y. Parker, Douglas A. Cook, Suzanne B. Zane, and Saeed Hamdan, 28 Nov. 2008, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2005," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 57(SS-13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5713.pdf].
Guttmacher Institute, 2012, "State data center," Guttmacher Institute, on line [http://www.guttmacher.org/datacenter/].
Hamilton, Brady E., Joyce A. Martin, and Stephanie J. Ventura, 5 Dec. 2007, "Births: Preliminary data for 2006," National Vital Statistics Reports, 56(7), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_07.pdf].
Henshaw, Stanley K., and Kathryn Kost, Aug. 2008, "Trends in the characteristics of women obtaining abortions, 1974 to 2004," Alan Guttmacher Institute, on line [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/2008/09/18/Report_Trends_Women_Obtaining_Abortions.pdf].
Henshaw, Stanley K., and Kevin O'Reilly, Jan./Feb. 1983, "Characteristics of Abortion Patients in the United States, 1979 and 1980," Family Planning Perspectives, 15(1):5-8,10-16.
Henshaw, Stanley K., Nov./Dec. 1998, "Abortion Incidence and Services in the United States, 1995-1996," Family Planning Perspectives, 30(6):263-287, on line at AGI [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/3026398.html].
Henshaw, Stanley, and Jennifer Van Vort, May/June 1990, "Abortion Services in the United States, 1987 and 1988," Family Planning Perspectives, 22(3):102+.
Henshaw, Stanley, and Jennifer Van Vort, May/June 1994, "Abortion Services in the United States, 1991 and 1992," Family Planning Perspectives, 26(3):100-106,112.
Henshaw, Stanley, Jacqueline Darroch Forrest, and Ellen Blaine, May/June 1984, "Abortion Services in the United States, 1981 and 1982," Family Planning Perspectives, 16(3):119-127.
Henshaw, Stanley, Jacqueline Darroch Forrest, and Jennifer Van Vort, March/April 1987, "Abortion Services in the United States, 1984 and 1985," Family Planning Perspectives, 19(2):63-70.
Henshaw, Stanley, Jacqueline Darroch Forrest, Ellen Sullivan, and Christopher Tietze, Jan./Feb. 1981, "Abortion in the United States, 1978-1979," Family Planning Perspectives, 13(1):6+.
Henshaw, Stanley, Jacqueline Darroch Forrest, Ellen Sullivan, and Christopher Tietze, Jan./Feb. 1982, "Abortion Services in the United States, 1979 and 1980," Family Planning Perspectives, 14(1):5+.
Herndon, Joy, Lilo T. Strauss, Sara Whitehead, Wilda Y. Parker, Linda Bartlett, and Suzanne Zane, 7 June 2002, "Abortion surveillance--United States, 1998," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 51(3), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5103.pdf].
Johnston, Wm. Robert, Feb. 2007, "Interstate abortions by state of residence and state of occurrence," working paper.
Jones, Rachel K., and Kathryn Kooistra, March 2011, "Abortion incidence and access to services in the United States, 2008," Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 43(1):41-50, on line at AGI [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/4304111.pdf].
Jones, R. K., and J. Jerman, 2014, "Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2011," Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 46(1), doi:10.1363/46e0414.
Kochanek, Kenneth D., 28 April 1989, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1985 and 1986," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 37(12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv37_12s.pdf].
Kochanek, Kenneth D., 30 April 1991, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1988," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 39(12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv39_12s.pdf].
Kochanek, Kenneth D., 5 Jan. 1990, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1987," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 38(9), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv38_09s.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, and Merrell Ramick, 17 Dec. 1993, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1990," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 42(SS-6):29-57, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4206.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, and Merrell Ramick, 5 May 1995, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1991," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 44(SS-2):23-53, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4402.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, Merrell Ramick, and Clarice A. Green, 3 May 1996, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1992," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 45(SS-3):1-36, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4503.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, Merrell Ramick, and Herschel W. Lawson, 4 Sept. 1992, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1989," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 41(5):1-33.
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, Merrell Ramick, and Lilo T. Strauss, 3 July 1998, "Abortion Surveillance, United States--1995," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 47(SS-2):31-68, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4702.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Jack C. Smith, Merrell Ramick, Lilo T. Strauss, and Frederick W. Hopkins, 8 Aug. 1997, "Abortion Surveillance, United States--1993 and 1994," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 46(SS-4):37-98, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4604.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Lilo T. Strauss, Camaryn E. Chrisman, and Wilda Y. Parker, 8 Dec. 2000, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1997," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 49(SS-11):1-43, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4911.pdf].
Koonin, Lisa M., Lilo T. Strauss, Camaryn E. Chrisman, Myra A. Montalbano, Linda A. Bartlett, and Jack C. Smith, 30 July 1999, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 1996," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 48(SS-4):1-42, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss4804.pdf].
Lawson, Herschel W., Hani K. Atrash, Audrey F. Saftlas, Lisa M. Koonin, Merrell Ramick, and Jack C. Smith, 1 Sept. 1989, "Abortion Surveillance, United States, 1984-1985," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 38(2), summary on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001467.htm].
MacDorman, Marian F., Donna L. Hoyert, Joyce A. Martin, Martha L. Munson, and Brady E. Hamilton, 21 Feb. 2007, "Fetal and perinatal mortality, United States, 2003," National Vital Statistics Reports, 55(6), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr55/nvsr55_06.pdf].
MacDorman, Marian F., Martha L. Munson, and Sharon Kirmeyer, 11 Oct. 2007, "Fetal and perinatal mortality, United States, 2004," National Vital Statistics Reports, 56(3), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_03.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Paul D. Sutton, Stephanie J. Ventura, Fay Menacker, and Martha L. Munson, 8 Sept. 2005, "Births: final data for 2003," National Vital Statistics Reports, 54(2), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr54/nvsr54_02.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Paul D. Sutton, Stephanie J. Ventura, Fay Menacker, and Sharon Kirmeyer, 29 Sept. 2006, "Births: final data for 2004," National Vital Statistics Reports, 55(1), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr55/nvsr55_01.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Paul D. Sutton, Stephanie J. Ventura, Fay Menacker, Sharon Kirmeyer, and Martha L. Munson, 5 Dec. 2007, "Births: final data for 2005," National Vital Statistics Reports, 56(6), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_06.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Paul D. Sutton, Stephanie J. Ventura, T. J. Mathews, and Michelle J. K. Osterman, Dec. 2010, "Births: Final data for 2008," National Vital Statistics Reports, 59(1), on line at CDC [www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr59/nvsr59_01.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 12 Dec. 1977, "Annual summary for the United States, 1976," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 25(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv25_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 13 Aug. 1979, "Annual summary for the United States, 1978," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 27(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv27_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 13 Nov. 1980, "Annual summary for the United States, 1979," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 28(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv28_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 17 July 1997, "Births, marriages, divorces, and deaths for 1996," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 45(12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/mv45_12.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 17 Sept. 1981, "Annual summary of births, deaths, marriages, and divorces: United States, 1980," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 29(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv29_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 19 Sept. 1986, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1985," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 34(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv34_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 20 Dec. 1982, "Annual summary of births, deaths, marriages, and divorces: United States, 1981," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 30(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv30_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 20 March 1974, "Final natality statistics, 1970," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 22(12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv22_12sacc.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 21 Sept. 1984, "Annual summary of births, deaths, marriages, and divorces: United States, 1983," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 32(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv32_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 23 Oct. 1995, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1994," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 43(13)*, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/mv43_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 24 Aug. 1987, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1986," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 35(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv35_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 26 July 1989, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1988," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 37(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv37_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 26 Sept. 1985, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1984," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 33(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv33_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 27 June 1974, "Annual summary for the United States, 1973," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 22(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv22_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 28 Aug. 1991, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1990," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 39(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv39_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 28 July 1998, "Births, marriages, divorces, and deaths for 1997," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 46(12), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/mv46_12.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 28 Sept. 1993, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1992," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 41(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv41_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 29 July 1988, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1987," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 36(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv36_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 30 Aug. 1990, "Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1989," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 38(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv38_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 30 May 1976, "Annual summary for the United States, 1974," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 23(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv23_13.pdf].
National Center for Health Statistics, 7 Dec. 1978, "Annual summary for the United States, 1977," Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 26(13), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv26_13.pdf].
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Pazol, Karen, Andreea A. Creanga, Suzanne B. Zane, Kim D. Burley, and Denise J. Jamieson, 23 Nov. 2012, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2009," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 61(8), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6108.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Sonya B. Gamble, Wilda Y. Parker, Douglas A. Cook, Suzanne B. Zane, and Saeed Hamdan, 27 Nov. 2009, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2006," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 58(SS-8), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5808.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Suzanne B. Zane, Wilda Y. Parker, Laura R. Hall, Cynthia Berg, and Douglas A. Cook, 25 Nov. 2011, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2008," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 60(15), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss6015.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Suzanne B. Zane, Wilda Y. Parker, Laura R. Hall, Sonya B. Gamble, Saeed Hamdan, Cynthia Berg, and Douglas A. Cook, 25 Feb. 2011, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2007," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 60(1), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss6001.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Andreea A. Creanga, Kim D. Burley, Brenda Hayes, and Denise J. Jamieson, 29 Nov. 2013, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2010," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 62(8):1-44, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6208.pdf].
Powell-Griner, Eve, 14 July 1986, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1982 and 1983," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 35(3), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv35_03s.pdf].
Powell-Griner, Eve, 8 Sept. 1987, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1984," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 36(5), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv36_05s2.pdf].
Prager, Kate, 30 July 1985, "Induced terminations of pregnancy: reporting states, 1981," Monthly Vital Statistics Report Supplement, 34(4), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/mvsr/supp/mv34_04s2.pdf].
Strauss, Lilo T., Joy Herndon, Jeani Chang, Wilda Y. Parker, Sonya V. Bowens, Cynthia J. Berg, 25 Nov. 2005, "Abortion Surveillance-United States, 2002," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 54(SS-7), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5407.pdf].
Strauss, Lilo T., Joy Herndon, Jeani Chang, Wilda Y. Parker, Sonya V. Bowens, Suzanne B. Zane, Cynthia J. Berg, 26 Nov. 2004, "Abortion Surveillance-United States, 2001," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 53(SS-9), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5309.pdf].
Strauss, Lilo T., Sonya B. Gamble, Wilda Y. Parker, Douglas A. Cook, Suzanne B. Zane, and Saeed Hamdan, 23 Nov. 2007, "Abortion Surveillance--United States, 2004," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 56(SS-9), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5609.pdf].
Strauss, Lilo T., Sonya B. Gamble, Wilda Y. Parker, Douglas A. Cook, Suzanne B. Zane, and Saeed Hamdan, 24 Nov. 2006, "Abortion Surveillance-United States, 2003," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 55(SS-11), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/ss/ss5511.pdf].
Sullivan, Ellen, Christopher Tietze, and Joy G. Dryfoos, May/June 1977, "Legal Abortion in the United States, 1975-1976," Family Planning Perspectives, 9:116-129.
Sutton, Paul D., and T. J. Mathews, 10 May 2004, "Trends in characteristics of births by state: United States, 1990, 1995, and 2000-2002," National Vital Statistics Reports, 52(19), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr52/nvsr52_19.pdf].
Tejada-Vera, Betzaida, and Paul D. Sutton, 14 July 2008, "Births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: Provisional data for 2007," National Vital Statistics Reports, 56(21), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr56/nvsr56_21.pdf].
Tejada-Vera, Betzaida, and Paul D. Sutton, 27 Aug. 2010, "Births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: Provisional data for 2009," National Vital Statistics Reports, 58(25), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr58/nvsr58_25.pdf].
Tietze, Christopher, 1976, "Incidence of legal abortion," in Liberalization of Abortion Laws: Implications, ed. by Abdel R. Omran, Carolina Population Center (Chapel Hill, NC), pp. 1-17.
Ventura, Stephanie J., Joyce A. Martin, Sally C. Curtin, and T. J. Mathews, 29 April 1999, "Births: final data for 1997," National Vital Statistics Reports, 47(18), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr47/nvs47_18.pdf].
Ventura, Stephanie J., Joyce A. Martin, Sally C. Curtin, Fay Menacker, and Brady E. Hamilton, 17 April 2001, "Births: Final Data for 1999," National Vital Statistics Reports, 49(1), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr49/nvsr49_01.pdf].
Ventura, Stephanie J., Joyce A. Martin, Sally C. Curtin, T. J. Mathews, and Melissa M. Park, 28 March 2000, "Births: final data for 1998," National Vital Statistics Reports, 48(3), on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr48/nvs48_03.pdf].
Virginia Department of Health, 1996, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 1995," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 1997, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 1996," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 1998, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 1997," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 1999, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 1998," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 2000, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 1999," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 2001, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 2000," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 2002, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 2001," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Virginia Department of Health, 2003, "Table 1, Total induced terminations of pregnancy...Virginia, 2002," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.asp].
Hamilton, Brady E., Joyce A. Martin, Michelle J. K. Osterman, and Sally C. Curtin, 29 May 2014, "Births: Preliminary data for 2013," National Vital Statistics Reports, 63(2), on line at CDC [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr62/nvsr62_03.pdf].
Centers for Disease Control, 2013, "Provisional number of live births and deaths: Each state and Puerto Rico, December 2011 and 2012, and cumulative figures, 2010-2012," CDC, on line [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/dvs/provisional_tables/Provisional_Table02_2012Dec.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Andreea A. Creanga, Kim D. Burley, and Denise J. Jamison, 28 Nov. 2014, "Abortion surveillance--United States, 2011," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 62(11):1-41, on line at CDC [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6311.pdf].
Virginia Department of Health, Aug. 2015, "Total induced terminations of pregnancy occurring within Virginia, final data for 2014," Virginia Department of Health, on line [http://www.vdh.state.va.us/HealthStats/stats.htm].
Hamilton, Brady E., Joyce A. Martin, Michelle J. K. Osterman, and Sally C. Curtin, 17 June 2015, �Births: Preliminary data for 2014,� NVSR, 64(6), on line at CDC [http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_06.pdf].
Pazol, Karen, Andreea A. Creanga, and Denise J. Jamison, 27 Nov. 2015, "Abortion surveillance--United States, 2012," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 64(10):1-40, on line at CDC [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6410.pdf].
Hamilton, Brady E., Joyce A. Martin, Michelle J. K. Osterman, Sally C. Curtin, and T. J. Mathews, 23 Dec. 2016, "Births: Final data for 2014," NVSR, 64(12), on line at CDC [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_12.pdf].
Johnston, Wm. Robert, 2017, "United States: Compiled and estimated abortion figures, 2012-2015," AWR Working Paper 13.
Jones, Rachel K., and Jenna Jerman, March 2017, "Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2014," Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 49(1).
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Michelle J. K. Osterman, Anne K. Driscoll, and T. J. Mathews, 5 Jan. 2017, "Births: Final data for 2015," NVSR, 66(1), on line at CDC [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66_01.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Michelle J. K. Osterman, Anne K. Driscoll, and Patrick Drake, 31 Jan. 2018, "Births: Final data for 2016," NVSR, 67(1), on line at CDC [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf].
Jatlaoui, Tara C., Jill Shah, Michele G. Mandel, Jamie W. Krashin, Danielle B. Suchdev, Denise J. Jamieson, and Karen Pazol, 24 Nov. 2017, "Abortion surveillance--United States, 2014," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(24):1-44, on line at CDC [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/ss/pdfs/ss6624-H.PDF].
U.S. Census Bureau, June 2017, "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population by Single Year of Age and Sex for the United States, States, and Puerto Rico Commonwealth: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016," United States Census Bureau, on line [https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2016_PEPALL5N&prodType=table].
Jatlaoui, Tara C., Maegan E. Boutot, Michele G. Mandel, Maura K. Whiteman, Angeline Ti, Emily Petersen, and Karen Pazol, 23 Nov. 2018, "Abortion surveillance�United States, 2015," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(13):1-48, on line at Centers for Disease Control [http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/ss/pdfs/ss6713a1-H.PDF].
CDC, Nov. 2019, "Abortions distributed by state of maternal residence and state of clinical service, 2009-2016," Centers for Disease Control, on line [https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/data_stats/excel/Abortions-Distributed-by-State-2009-2016.xls].
CDC Wonder, Nov. 2019, "Fetal deaths, 2005-2017 request," on line, CDC [https://wonder.cdc.gov/fetal-deaths-current.html].
Jatlaoui, Tara C., Lindsay Eckhaus, Michele G. Mandel, Antoinette Nguyen, Titilope Oduyebo, Emily Petersen, and Maura K. Whiteman, 29 Nov. 2019, "Abortion surveillance�United States, 2016," MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 68(11):1-41, on line at Centers for Disease Control [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/ss/pdfs/ss6811a1-H.pdf].
Johnston, Wm. Robert, Dec. 2019, "United States: State-level abortion estimates, 1967-2018," AWR Working Paper 33, forthcoming.
Jones, Rachel K., Elizabeth Witwer, and Jenna Jerman, Sept. 2019, "Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2017," Guttmacher Institute, on line [https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/abortion-incidence-service-availability-us-2017.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Michelle J. K. Osterman, Anne K. Driscoll, and Patrick Drake, 7 Nov. 2018, "Births: Final data for 2017," NVSR, 67(8):1-49, on line at Centers for Disease Control [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Michelle J. K. Osterman, and Anne K. Driscoll, 27 Nov. 2019, "Births: Final data for 2018," NVSR, 68(13):1-46, on line at Centers for Disease Control [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr68/nvsr68_13-508.pdf].
Hamilton, Brady E., Joyce A. Martin, and Michelle J. K. Osterman, May 2021, �Births: Provisional data for 2020,� NVSS Vital Statistics Rapid Release Report #012, CDC, on line [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/vsrr/vsrr012-508.pdf].
Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Michelle J. K. Osterman, and Anne K. Driscoll, 23 March 2021, �Births: Final data for 2019,� National Vital Statistics Reports, 70(2):1-51, CDC, on line [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-02-508.pdf].
Kortsmit, Katherine, Tara C. Jatlaoui, Michele G. Mandel, Jennifer A. Reeves, Titilope Oduyebo, Emily Petersen, and Maura K. Whiteman, 27 Nov. 2020, �Abortion surveillance�United States, 2018,� Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(7):1-29, on line [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/ss/pdfs/ss6907a1-H.pdf].
Kortsmit, Katherine, Michele G. Mandel, Jennifer A. Reeves, Elizabeth Clark, H. Pamela Pagano, Antoinette Nguyen, Emily E. Petersen, and Maura K. Whiteman, 26 Nov. 2021, "Abortion surveillance�United States, 2019," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70(9):1-29, on line [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/ss/pdfs/ss7009a1-H.pdf].
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U.S. Census Burean, Population Division, June 2021, "SC-EST2020-AGESEX-CIV: Annual estimates of the civilian population by single year of age and sex for the United States, states, and the District of Columbia: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2020," Census Bureau, on line [https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/technical-documentation/research/evaluation-estimates/2020-evaluation-estimates/2010s-state-detail.html].
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Jones, Rachel K., Jesse Philbin, Marielle Kirstein, Elizabeth Nash, and Kimberley Lufkin, 15 June 2022, "Long-term decline in US abortions reverses, showing rising need for abortion as Supreme Court is poised to overturn Roe v. Wade," Guttmacher Institute, on line [https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2022/06/long-term-decline-us-abortions-reverses-showing-rising-need-abortion-supreme-court].
Smith, Mikaela H., Zoe Muzyczka, Payal Chakraborty, Elaina Johns-Wolfe, Jenny Higgins, Danielle Bessett, and Alison H. Norris, 2022, "Abortion travel within the United States: An observational study of cross-state movement to obtain abortion care in 2017," Lancet Regional Health--Americas, 10:100214, doi:10.1016/j.lana.2022.100214
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